Castell Fflemish

Has been described as a Rejected Timber Castle (Other/Unknown)

There are earthwork remains

NameCastell Fflemish
Alternative NamesLlanbadarn-Odwyn
Historic CountryCardiganshire
Modern AuthorityCeredigion
1974 AuthorityDyfed
CommunityTregaron

This site has been considered by some writers to be a castle but is rejected as such by Hogg and King as Iron Age. King adds "It may have some later connection with the Flemish settlers, as its name appears as early as 1184'

The monument comprises the remains of a hillfort, which probably dates to the Iron Age period (c. 800 BC - AD 74, the Roman conquest of Wales). Hillforts are usually Iocated on hilltops and surrounded by a single or multiple earthworks of massive proportions. This monument consists of a fairly flat space surrounded by a bank at most c.2m above the interior. The ditch and counterscarp (there is no trace of a second ditch) are usually visible except in places on the south. There is a single simple entrance on NE side (modern gap c. 20m to W of it). Hillforts must have formed symbols of power within the landscape, while their function may have had as much to do with ostentation and display as defence. The monument is in the charters of Strata Florida Abbey, an estate in which Castell Flemish was included, and presumably the centre was the gift of the Lord Rhys in 1184. It is possible that this fortress, with its lands, was inherited by Rhys but having become militarily useless formed a suitable endowment for the abbey. (Scheduling Report)

Scheduled under castles + fortifications, mediaeval + post med. (Dyfed Archaeological Trust HER but identified there as Iron Age)

Gatehouse Comments

A particularly well preserved hill fort which had stone revetment. There is no suggestion of permanent medieval occupation although could have been used as a place of retreat which may explain the name.

- Philip Davis

This site is a scheduled monument protected by law

Not Listed

The National Monument Record (Coflein) number(s)
County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceSN654632
Latitude52.25048828125
Longitude-3.97292995452881
Eastings265400
Northings263200
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink

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Books

  • Reid, Alan, 1998, Castles of Wales (John Jones Publishing) p. 52
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 1 p. 49
  • Lewis, Samual, 1849, A Topographical Dictionary of Wales online copy

Journals

  • Hogg, A.H.A. and King, D.J.C., 1963, 'Early castles in Wales and the Marches: a preliminary list' Archaeologia Cambrensis Vol. 112 p. 77-124 (reject–Iron Age)

Other

  • Driver, T., 2005, The Hillforts of North Ceredigion: Architecture, Landscape Setting and Cultural Contexts (Unpublished PhD thesis, The University of Wales, Lampeter, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology)