Derby Town Defences

Has been described as a Possible Urban Defence

There are no visible remains

NameDerby Town Defences
Alternative Names
Historic CountryDerbyshire
Modern AuthorityDerby; City of
1974 AuthorityDerbyshire
Civil ParishDerby

Derby was a Danish stronghold in 917. The line of the Medieval defences remain uncertain but are recorded in Medieval documents.

There may have been a Saxon village on the site of Derby after the Romans left. However the Danes founded the town of Derby about 873 AD after they invaded England. They created a fortified settlement at Derby. It was an easy place to fortify. To the east the river Derwent protected it. To the east (sic west is meant) and south a tributary of the Derwent protected Derby. All the Danes had to do was to fortify the northern approach between the two rivers. They dug a ditch and erected an earth bank with a wooden palisade on top. (Lambert online)

During remediation works in March 2007 the remains of a large ditch feature were identified. The fill of the ditch, locally more than 2m in depth, produced a range of medieval pottery. Preliminary analysis suggests the lower fill levels date to the 12th century. It is possible that this is the northern medieval town ditch for which there are 13th century documentary references. If correct, this is the first secure sighting of the town ditch and is important in understanding the layout of medieval Derby. (Derbyshire HER ref. Kinsley; Myers)

Gatehouse Comments

Lambert statement was unsupported by evidence but he was not unreasonable in expecting the main artificial line of defences to be to the north of the medieval town. A line near King Street is not unreasonable. Given map reference for parish church (now cathedral) which should have been within the circuit of the defences.

- Philip Davis

Not scheduled

Not Listed

County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceSK352364
Latitude52.9247817993164
Longitude-1.47766995429993
Eastings435200
Northings336400
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink

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Books

  • Salter, Mike, 2013, Medieval Walled Towns (Malvern: Folly Publications) p. 157 (slight)
  • Creighton, O.H. and Higham, R.A., 2005, Medieval Town Walls (Stroud: Tempus) p. 60, 70, 267
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 1 p. 112
  • Barley, M.W., 1975, 'Town Defences in England and Wales after 1066' in Barley (ed) The plans and topography of medieval towns in England and Wales (CBA Research Report 14) p. 57-71 download/view online
  • Turner, H.L., 1971, Town Defences in England and Wales (London) p. 119

Journals

  • Creighton, Oliver, 2006, ''Castles of Communities': Medieval Town Defences in England; Wales and Gascony' Château Gaillard Vol. 22 p. 75-86
  • Hall, R.A., 1974, 'The pre-Conquest burh of Derby' Derbyshire Archaeological Journal Vol. 94 p. 16-23 online copy

Primary Sources

  • Whitelock, D. (ed), 1955, English Historical Documents Vol 1 p. 196 (Mercian Register)

Other

  • Kinsley, G. (Trent & Peak Archaeological Unit), 2007, King Street, Derby. Wirtten Scheme of Investigation for Archaeological Remains
  • Myers, A., 2007, Letter to Derby City Council from the Development Control Archaeologist, Consultation DER/08/07/01560/PRI