Twthill, Old Rhuddlan Castle

Has been described as a Certain Timber Castle (Motte), and also as a Certain Masonry Castle, and also as a Palace (Other)

There are earthwork remains

NameTwthill, Old Rhuddlan Castle
Alternative NamesToothill; Tut Hill; Bonc Hill; Roelent; Roeland
Historic CountryFlintshire
Modern AuthorityDenbighshire
1974 AuthorityClwyd
CommunityRhuddlan

Mound associated with castle established 1073, repairs recorded 1241-2, superceded by Rhuddlan Castle from 1277. The castle is set on a natural spur above the Clwyd. The motte is c.75-80m in diameter, 5.0-12m high with a summit diameter of 11m by 8.0m. The bailey on the N is c.36m by 56m, defined by scarps on the N and NW. The whole work is thought to be much degraded owing to its sandy compsition, observations of mortar suggest the presence of masonry structures. (Coflein)

Motte and bailey castle built in 1073 by Robert of Rhuddlan. The motte is 5m high and formed by scarping and heightening of natural hill. The bailey to the north has been ploughed but the bank is still visible. (Clwyd Powys Archaeological Trust HER)

This monument comprises the remains of a medieval motte and bailey castle. Built in 1073, by Robert ‘of Rhuddlan’, the castle sits on the eastern side of the river Clwyd. For many years Rhuddlan was the lowest crossing point and highest point of navigation on the river Clwyd; this became particularly important between the 10th and 13th centuries. It could control traffic running both along and across the northern part of the Vale of Clwyd, and could be supplied by water. The motte stands 18m high above the river, and was protected inland by a natural valley and an artificial ditch; beyond this to the north, lies the bailey. The bailey bank has been ploughed down. As late as 1241-42 the defences, at least in part, were still made of wood, and timber-framed buildings occupied the bailey. (Scheduling Report)

Gatehouse Comments

Traditionally occupying the site of a palace of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn.

- Philip Davis

This site is a scheduled monument protected by law

Not Listed

The National Monument Record (Coflein) number(s)
County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceSJ026776
Latitude53.2869110107422
Longitude-3.46184992790222
Eastings302630
Northings377670
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink
Photo by Philip Davis. All Rights Reserved

() above

Latitude 53° 17' 13.04" Longitude -3° 27' 42.39"

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Photo by Philip Davis. All Rights Reserved

() above

Latitude 53° 17' 13.04" Longitude -3° 27' 42.39"

View full Sized Image
Photo by Philip Davis. All Rights Reserved

() above

Latitude 53° 17' 13.04" Longitude -3° 27' 42.39"

View full Sized Image
Photo by Philip Davis. All Rights Reserved

() above

Latitude 53° 17' 13.04" Longitude -3° 27' 42.39"

View full Sized Image
Photo by Philip Davis. All Rights Reserved

() above

Latitude 53° 17' 13.04" Longitude -3° 27' 42.39"

View full Sized Image
Photo by Philip Davis. All Rights Reserved

() above

Latitude 53° 17' 13.04" Longitude -3° 27' 42.39"

View full Sized Image
Copyright Dave Barlow of Abaroths World All Rights ReservedView full Sized Image
Copyright Dave Barlow of Abaroths World All Rights ReservedView full Sized Image
Copyright Dave Barlow of Abaroths World All Rights ReservedView full Sized Image
Copyright Dave Barlow of Abaroths World All Rights ReservedView full Sized Image
Copyright Eirian Evans and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons license.View full Sized Image
Copyright Eirian Evans and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons license.View full Sized Image
Copyright Eirian Evans and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons license.View full Sized Image

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Books

  • Kenyon, John, 2010, The Medieval Castles of Wales (University of Wales Press) p. 49
  • Morgan, Gerald, 2008, Castles in Wales: A Handbook (Talybont: Y Lolfa Cyf.) p. 128 (mention)
  • Pettifer, Adrian, 2000, Welsh Castles, A Guide by Counties (Boydell Press) p. 76
  • Salter, Mike, 1997, The Castles of North Wales (Malvern) p. 81
  • Reid, Alan, 1998, Castles of Wales (John Jones Publishing) p. 126
  • Burnham, H., 1995, A Guide to Ancient and Historic Wales: Clwyd and Powys (Cadw, London)
  • Higham, R. and Barker, P., 1992, Timber Castles (Batsford) p. 241
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 1 p. 154
  • Fry, P.S., 1980, Castles of the British Isles (David and Charles) p. 377
  • Renn, D.F., 1973 (2 edn.), Norman Castles of Britain (London: John Baker) p. 293
  • Armitage, Ella, 1912, The Early Norman Castles of the British Isles (London: John Murray) p. 257-9 online copy
  • RCAHMW, 1912, An inventory of the Ancient Monuments of Flintshire (HMSO) p. 79-80 no. 222 online copy
  • Timbs, J. and Gunn, A., 1872, Abbeys, Castles and Ancient Halls of England and Wales Vol. 3 (London) p. 413-4 online copy
  • Lewis, Samual, 1849, A Topographical Dictionary of Wales online copy

Journals

  • Swallow, Rachel, 2016, 'Cheshire Castles of the Irish Sea Cultural Zone' The Archaeological Journal Vol. 173.2 p. 288-341
  • Purton, Peter, 2012, 'The first private castles at war' Château Gaillard Vol. 25 p. 307-14
  • Harfield, C.G., 1991, 'A Hand-list of Castles Recorded in the Domesday Book' English Historical Review Vol. 106 p. 371-392 view online copy (subscription required) p 371-92
  • Hogg, A.H.A. and King, D.J.C., 1963, 'Early castles in Wales and the Marches: a preliminary list' Archaeologia Cambrensis Vol. 112 p. 77-124
  • Brown, R, Allen, 1959, 'A List of Castles, 1154–1216' English Historical Review Vol. 74 p. 249-280 (Reprinted in Brown, R. Allen, 1989, Castles, conquest and charters: collected papers (Woodbridge: Boydell Press) p. 90-121) view online copy (subscription required)
  • Armitage, E., 1904 April, 'The Early Norman Castles of England' English Historical Review Vol. 19 p. 209-245, 417-455 esp. 420-22 online copy

Guide Books

  • Taylor, A.J., 1987 (4th rev edn), Rhuddlan Castle (Cardiff: CADW)

Primary Sources

  • Jones, Arthur (ed), 1910, History of Gruffydd ap Cynan (Manchester) p. 116-7 online copy
  • 269r Great Domesday Book online copy
  • Brut y Tywysogion 1157, 1167, 1212, 1213 (Several transcriptions and translations exist the best being Jones, T., 1952, Brut Y Twysogion (University of Wales, History and Law series 11)–based on the Peniarth MS 20 version. There is a flawed translation Williams ab Ithel, John, 1860, Brut Y Twysogion or The Chronicle of the Princes (Rolls Series) online copy)
  • Pipe Rolls 1165-68 (see Pipe Roll Society for references)
  • Giraldus Cambrensis, c.1188, Journey Through Wales view online transcription

Other

  • Fradley, Michael, 2011, The Old in the New: Urban Castle Imposition in Anglo-Norman England, AD1050-1150 (University of Exeter PhD Thesis) available via EThOS