Hay-on-Wye Town Walls

Has been described as a Certain Urban Defence

There are masonry footings remains

NameHay-on-Wye Town Walls
Alternative NamesHaya; Gelli; Tregelli
Historic CountryBrecknockshire
Modern AuthorityPowys
1974 AuthorityPowys
CommunityHay

C13 stone wall. A roughly triangular area resting on an extensive, c.437m, river frontage, and extending c.372m to the SE, was enclosed by walls, described as being strong, by Leland, in 1535-43. Scarps survive between SO23014268 and SO23184243, whilst the circuit incorporated the castle in the S. The first grant of murage, for 3 years, was granted in 1232 the year after the town and castle had been attacked by Llywelyn ab Iorwerth. The castle was built at the same time (c.f. Haverfordwest). A second murage, again for 3 years, was granted in 1237. Both grants were to Eva de Braose, rather than to the town community.

Section of the former town boundary wall with steep bank to E. Runs from the site of the Water Gate, curves SE and continues until the end of the narrow lane which itself follows the course of the town wall up to the site of the Gate by The Olde Black Lion Inn. The wall was probably constructed in C19 out of the town wall which is said to have been largely destroyed by the late C18/early C19. The rubble medieval walls were erected after 1237 financed by a murage tax levied weekly for 3 years by Eva de Breos. The wall has partially collapsed, is overgrown in several places and is rebuilt at S end to form a garden wall; boarded gate entrance midway along. Included as a clearly defined and moderately long stretch of medieval town bounary. (Listed Building Report)

Not scheduled

This is a Grade 2 listed building protected by law

Historic Wales CADW listed database record number
The National Monument Record (Coflein) number(s)
County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceSO229424
Latitude52.0770988464355
Longitude-3.12444996833801
Eastings322960
Northings242450
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink

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Books

  • Salter, Mike, 2013, Medieval Walled Towns (Malvern: Folly Publications) p. 173
  • Morgan, Gerald, 2008, Castles in Wales: A Handbook (Talybont: Y Lolfa Cyf.) p. 55 (mention)
  • Creighton, O.H. and Higham, R.A., 2005, Medieval Town Walls (Stroud: Tempus) p. 27, 97, 273
  • Salter, Mike, 2001, The Castles of Mid Wales (Malvern) p. 27
  • Pettifer, Adrian, 2000, Welsh Castles, A Guide by Counties (Boydell Press) p. 14
  • Clarke, K., 2000, The book of Hay (Almeley: Logaston Press) (esp. chapter 1)
  • Remfry, Paul, 1998, Castles of Breconshire (Logaston Press)
  • Bond, C.J., 1987, 'Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Defences' in Schofield, J. and Leech, R. (eds), Urban Archaeology in Britain (CBA Research Report 61) p. 92-116 online copy
  • Soulsby, Ian, 1983, The Towns of Medieval Wales (Phillimore; Chichester) p. 142-4
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 1 p. 23
  • Barley, M.W., 1975, 'Town Defences in England and Wales after 1066' in Barley (ed) The plans and topography of medieval towns in England and Wales (CBA Research Report 14) p. 57-71 plan p. 63
  • Fairs, G.L. 1972, A History of the Hay: The Story of Hay-on-Wye (London: Phillimore) p. 40, 49
  • Turner, H.L., 1971, Town Defences in England and Wales (London) p. 205
  • Lewis, Samual, 1849, A Topographical Dictionary of Wales online copy
  • Fisher, J. (ed), 1917 Tours in Wales (1804-1813) by Richard Fenton (Cambrian Archaeological Association) p. 21-2 online copy

Antiquarian

Journals

  • Creighton, Oliver, 2006, ''Castles of Communities': Medieval Town Defences in England; Wales and Gascony' Château Gaillard Vol. 22 p. 75-86
  • Hogg, A.H.A. and King, D.J.C., 1967, 'Masonry castles in Wales and the Marches: a list' Archaeologia Cambrensis Vol. 116 p. 71-132

Primary Sources

  • Maxwell Lyte, H.C. (ed), 1903, Calendar of Patent Rolls Henry III (1225-32) Vol. 2 p. 477 (murage grant) online copy
  • 1906, Calendar of Patent Rolls Henry III (1232-47) Vol. 3 p. 178 (murage grant) online copy
  • - < >Also see the Gatehouse murage pages for full details of murage [grants > http://www.gatehouse-gazetteer.info/murage/murindex.html], [petitions > http://www.gatehouse-gazetteer.info/murage/mupindex.html ] and [other such > http://www.gatehouse-gazetteer.info/murage/muaindex.html]. < >