Hazelslack Tower

Has been described as a Certain Pele Tower

There are major building remains

NameHazelslack Tower
Alternative NamesBeetham 2; Helslack
Historic CountryWestmorland
Modern AuthorityCumbria
1974 AuthorityCumbria
Civil ParishBeetham

Tower, probably former solar block with Hall to East now demolished. Late C14 (RCHME). Roughly-coursed rubble. 4 storeys, part demolished. Scattered fenestration, mostly loop lights to ground floor with small square windows to upper floors. West side has 2-light window with trefoiled lights in square head at 3rd floor level. Large fireplace with segmental head to ground-floor in East side with smaller fireplace above and marks of gable of former adjoining building; original doorway with 2-centred-arched head in return wall of projecting part of tower. Interior has cross-wall, various fireplaces, some with segmental heads, base of open stone stairway becoming enclosed circular stair above, garderobes to south-west angle. (Listed Building Report)

Hazelslack Tower (Plate 77), nearly 1½ m. W. of Beetham Hall, was of four storeys; the walls are of rubble with ashlar dressings. The pele-tower, though now standing detached, was formerly part of a larger building which adjoined it on the E. It was built late in the 14th century and probably fell into ruin in the 17th century.

The tower is faced with coursed rubble but retains no remains of its former parapet. The windows generally are either loop-lights on the ground-floor and lighting the garde-robes or small square-headed windows lighting the upper floors. The third storey has, however, in the W. wall an original window of two trefoiled lights in a square head. On the E. wall are the marks of the gable of the adjoining building, now destroyed; it was apparently of two storeys and on the ground floor is a large fireplace (13 ft. wide) with a segmental arch of rubble; the floor above has a small fireplace with a segmental head. The return wall of the projecting part of the tower has an original doorway with chamfered jambs, two-centred arch and a draw-bar hole

Inside, the building is divided into two unequal parts by a cross-wall. The N. room on the ground floor had a barrel-vault, now fallen, and in the E. wall is a fireplace with a segmental head. The S. chamber has the base of an open stone staircase, which becomes an enclosed circular staircase at a higher level; in the S.W. angle are a series of garde-robes. The upper storeys have a number of fireplaces, mostly denuded of their dressings. (RCHME 1936)

A medieval tower house is visible as a ruined building on air photographs. The feature is extant on the latest 1991 Ordnance Survey vertical photography. Late 14th century tower, interpreted as a pele-tower or the former solar block to a now demolished hall. It is made from roughly coursed rubble and is four storeys high. (PastScape)

This site is a scheduled monument protected by law

This is a Grade 2 listed building protected by law

Historic England Scheduled Monument Number
Historic England Listed Building number(s)
Images Of England
Historic England (PastScape) Defra or Monument number(s)
County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceSD476788
Latitude54.2023811340332
Longitude-2.80434989929199
Eastings347620
Northings478810
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink
Photograph by Matthew Emmott. All rights reservedView full Sized Image
Photograph by Matthew Emmott. All rights reservedView full Sized Image
Photograph by Matthew Emmott. All rights reservedView full Sized Image

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Books

  • Perriam, Denis and Robinson, John, 1998, The Medieval Fortified Buildings of Cumbria (Kendal: CWAAS Extra Series 29) p. 344 (plan)
  • Salter, Mike, 1998, The Castles and Tower Houses of Cumbria (Malvern: Folly Publications) p. 59
  • Emery, Anthony, 1996, Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales Vol. 1 Northern England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p. 210
  • Pettifer, A., 1995, English Castles, A guide by counties (Woodbridge: Boydell Press) p. 269
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 2 p. 490
  • Hugill, Robert, 1977, Castles and Peles of Cumberland and Westmorland (Newcastle; Frank Graham) p. 93-4
  • Pevsner, Nikolaus, 1967, Buildings of England: Cumberland and Westmorland (Harmondsworth) p. 250
  • RCHME, 1936, An inventory of the historical monuments in Westmorland (HMSO) p. 41 no. 3 plan [online transcription > http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=120733]
  • Curwen, J.F., 1913, Castles and Fortified Towers of Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire North of the Sands (Kendal: CWAAS Extra Series 13) p. 375
  • Harvey, Alfred, 1911, Castles and Walled Towns of England (London: Methuen and Co)
  • Ford, J.Rawlinson (ed), 1906, The Beetham Repository, 1770, by the Rev. William Hutton, vicar of Beetham, 1762-1811 (Kendal: CWAAS Tract Series 7) p. 99, 110, 148
  • Mackenzie, J.D., 1896, Castles of England; their story and structure (New York: Macmillan) Vol. 2 p. 287 online copy
  • Taylor, M.W., 1892, Old Manorial Halls of Westmorland and Cumberland (Kendal: CWAAS Extra Series 8) p. 215-16 online copy
  • Hodgson, J., 1810, Topographical and Historical Description of Westmoreland p. 228 online copy

Journals

  • Collingwood, W.G., 1926, 'An Inventory of the Ancient Monuments of Westmorland and Lancashire North-of-the-Sands' Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 26 p. 20 online copy
  • Barnes, J.A., 1904, 'Hazelslack and Arnside Towers' Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 4 p. 341-2 online copy
  • Ferguson, R.S., 1875, Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Vol. 2.1 p. xi online copy

Other

  • Historic England, 2016, Heritage at Risk North West Register 2016 (London: Historic England) p. 30 online copy
  • Historic England, 2015, Heritage at Risk North West Register 2015 (London: Historic England) p. 33 online copy
  • English Heritage, 2014, Heritage at Risk Register 2014 North West (London: English Heritage) p. 36 online copy
  • English Heritage, 2013, Heritage at Risk Register 2013 North West (London: English Heritage) p. 39 online copy
  • English Heritage, 2012, Heritage at Risk Register 2012 North West (London: English Heritage) p. 50 online copy
  • English Heritage, 2011, Heritage at Risk Register 2011 North West (London: English Heritage) p. 47 online copy
  • English Heritage, 2010, Heritage at Risk Register 2010 North West (London: English Heritage) p. 44 online copy
  • English Heritage, 2009, Heritage at Risk Register 2009 North West (London: English Heritage) p. 51 online copy
  • Clare, T., 1982, A Report on Medieval Fortified Sites in Cumbria (Cumbria CC)