Tong Castle

Has been described as a Possible Timber Castle (Other/Unknown), and also as a Possible Masonry Castle, and also as a Certain Fortified Manor House

There are masonry ruins/remnants remains

NameTong Castle
Alternative NamesTonge; Tongue; Thong
Historic CountryShropshire
Modern AuthorityShropshire
1974 AuthorityShropshire
Civil ParishTong

Castle, given a licence to crenellate in the 1381 issued to Fulk Pembrugge (Fulk de Pembridge), it was replaced c.1515 by a manor house. This was demolished c.1765 and replaced by a large house, this in turn has been demolished in 1954. The site has been excavated and five phases of occupation discovered from C12. A C12 cornmill was located. The area is now occupied by rubble and trees and a motorway built over part of site but slight fragmentary parts remain. (Derived from PastScape)

The remains of the castle are Listed in two parts, divided by the road. List description for part at SJ 79160696: ->

-> Castle, remains of. C14 to circa 1765. Sandstone and red brick on natural rock. Fragmentary remains of stables and outbuildings including barrel vaulted cellars and part of newel staircase. The site is now divided into two, and largely obscured, by the M54 Motorway (qv. Remains of Tong Castle at NGR SJ 7916 0693). George Durant the elder (d. 1780) demolished most of Sir Harry Vernon's circa 1500 castle in 1764 and replaced it with 'Capability' Brown's Gothic Castle in 1765, which was, in turn demolished in 1954. Recently excavated by the Shropshire Archaeological Society with report to follow (qv. Convent Lodge, wall with pulpit approximately 10 metres to East of Convent Lodge, The Old Post Office, former North gates and flanking walls). N. Pevsner. Buildings of England Shropshire, p3O4; G. Griffith, History of Tong and Boscobel, 1894, pp89-92 and pp154-61 ; D. H. Robinson, The Wandering Worfe, Waine Research Publications, 1980, pp56-9

List description for part at SJ 79160693: ->

-> Castle, remains of. C12 to the C16. Fragmentary remains of sandstone walls on natural rock. The site is now divided into two, and largely obscured, by the M54 Motorway (qv. Remains of Tong Castle at NGR SJ 7916 0696). George Durant the elder (d

1780) demolished most of Sir Harry Vernon's circa 1500 castle in 1764 and replaced it with 'Capability' Brown's Gothick Castle in 1765, which was, in turn, demolished in 1954. Under excavation at the time of resurvey by the Shropshire Archaeological Society with report to follow (qv. Convent Lodge, wall with pulpit approximately 10 metres to East of Convent Lodge, The Old Post Office, former North gates and flanking walls). N. Pevsner. Buildings of England Shropshire, p3O4; G. Griffith, History of Tong and Boscobel, 1894, pp89-92 and pp154-61 ; D. H. Robinson, The Wandering Worfe, Waine Research Publications, 1980, pp56-9

(1763) Tong Castle is an irregular old edifice, built of stone, except the East Wing, which being demolished in the Civil Wars was rebuilt with brick in the same style of building with the rest (Gentleman Magazine 1763)

Copies of various interim reports on the 1976-1981 excavations by Alan Wharton (with Tong Archaeological Group and then a Community Enterprise Team) are held in the DRF. These need to be summarised.

Two 18th century views of Tong Castle from the east and the north east support the description given in of an irregular old edifice. The view from the east shows a building in a variety of styles, but apparently predominantly of 16th and 17th century date. Some features (including towers apparently with arrow slits and low, gabled ancillary buildings) on the north side suggest its medieval origins, however. The artist depicts a railed and walled courtyard fronting the building on the east side, and an elaborate classical portico is also shown. (Shropshire HER)

Gatehouse Comments

The site is on a natural rocky promontory the end of which was cut by a ditch to form an inner ward. This was originally defended with a timber palisade (but not seemingly embanked) but the pallisade was replace by walls of red sandstone in the C12, when the ditch was recut and deepened. Further development lead to a castle with an inner and outer ward separated by a deep inner ditch and a further outer ditch. The elderly C12 castle was mainly replaced by a new manor house probably in association with the licence to crenellate granted in 1381.

- Philip Davis

Not scheduled

This is a Grade 2 listed building protected by law

Historic England Scheduled Monument Number
Historic England Listed Building number(s)
Images Of England
Historic England (PastScape) Defra or Monument number(s)
County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceSJ791069
Latitude52.6599082946777
Longitude-2.3096399307251
Eastings379160
Northings306930
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink

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Books

  • Goodall, John, 2011, The English Castle 1066-1650 (Yale University Press) p. 385
  • Jeffery, Robert, 2007, Discovering Tong: its history, myths and curiosities (Shifnal: Robert Jeffery)
  • Stamper, P., 2007, ' 'Of naked Venuses and drucken bacchanals': Tong Castle, Shropshire, and its landscape' in M. Costen (ed), People and places: essays in honour of Mike Aston (Oxford: Oxbow Books) p. 181-94
  • Duckers, Peter and Anne, 2006, Castles of Shropshire (Stroud: Tempus) p. 163-5
  • Salter, Mike, 2001 (2edn), The Castles and Moated Mansions of Shropshire (Malvern: Folly Publications) p. 80
  • Emery, Anthony, 2000, Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales Vol. 2 East Anglia, Central England and Wales (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p. 583
  • Salter, Mike, 1993, Midlands Castles (Birmingham) p. 78-9
  • Jackson, M.J.,1988, Castles of Shropshire (Shrewsbury: Shropshire Libraries) p. 59-60
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 2 p. 431
  • Robinson, D.H., 1980, The Wandering Worfe (Waine Research Publications) p. 56-9
  • Reid, P., 1980, Burkes and Savills Guide to Country Houses Vol. 2 p. 117
  • Pevsner, N., 1958, Buildings of England: Shropshire (London, Penguin) p. 304
  • Mackenzie, J.D., 1896, Castles of England; their story and structure (New York: Macmillan) Vol. 2 p. 158 online copy
  • Griffith, G., 1894, History of Tong and Boscobel p. 89 - 92, 154-61
  • Leach, Francis, 1891, County Seats of Shropshire (Shrewsbury) p. 113-15
  • Turner, T.H. and Parker, J.H., 1859, Some account of Domestic Architecture in England (Oxford) Vol. 3 Part 2 p. 366, 419 online copy
  • Eyton, R.W.,1855, Antiquities of Shropshire (London) Vol. 2 p. 211 online copy
  • Nightingale, J., 1813, Beauties of England and Wales Vol. 13.1 p. 306-7 online copy

Antiquarian

  • Camden, Wm, 1607, Britannia hypertext critical edition by Dana F. Sutton (2004)
  • Chandler, John, 1993, John Leland's Itinerary: travels in Tudor England (Sutton Publishing) p. 397
  • Toulmin-Smith, Lucy (ed), 1910, The itinerary of John Leland in or about the years 1535-1543 (London: Bell and Sons) Vol. 5 p. 16 online copy

Journals

  • Thompson, M.W., 1986, 'Associated monasteries and castles in the Middle Ages: a tentative list' The Archaeological Journal Vol. 143 p. 321
  • Wharton, A., 1983, 'Tong Castle' Shropshire News Sheet Vol. 18 p. 3-4
  • Wharton, A., 1982, 'Tong Castle' Shropshire News Sheet Vol. 15 p. 11-12
  • Wharton, A., 1981, 'Tong, Shropshire: survey and salvage recorded on line of M54 construction' West Midlands Archaeology Vol. 24 p. 115-17
  • Wharton, A., 1981, 'Tong Castle' Shropshire News Sheet Vol. 14 p. 15-16
  • Wharton, A., 1980, 'Excavation and survey' West Midlands Archaeology Vol. 23 p. 122-3
  • Wharton, A., 1979, 'Tong Castle excavation - 1978 to 1979, West Midlands Archaeological Vol. 22 p. 66-75
  • Wharton, A., 1979, 'Tong Castle excavation - 1978-1979: interim report' Shropshire News Sheet Vol. 10 p. 7-8
  • Wharton, A., 1978, 'Tong Castle excavation 1977/78' West Midlands Archaeological Vol. 21 p. 84-9
  • Wharton, A., 1976 'Tong Castle excavation' West Midlands Archaeological Vol. 19 p. 55-9
  • Wharton, A., 1977, 'Tong Castle excavation interim report 1976/77' West Midlands Archaeological Vol. 20 p. 73-8
  • Wharton, A., 1976, 'Tong Castle excavation' West Midlands Archaeological Vol. 19 p. 55-9
  • Hussey, C., 1946, Country Life Vol. 100 p. 578-80
  • 1929-30, Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society Vol. 45 p. 50
  • 1912, Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society Vol. 2 p. 21
  • Rev. Prebendary Auden, 1906, Archaeologia Cambrensis Vol. 61 p. 183-4 (slight) online copy
  • Anon, 1897-98, Bye Gones p. 407
  • Tucker, S.I., 1861, Journal of the British Archaeological Association Vol. 17 p. 140-7 online copy
  • 1763, The Gentleman's Magazine p. 162 online copy

Primary Sources

  • Maxwell Lyte, H.C. (ed), 1897, Calendar of Patent Rolls Richard II (1381-85) Vol. 2 p. 31 online copy