Horton Castle, Blyth

Has been described as a Certain Fortified Manor House

There are cropmark/slight earthwork remains

NameHorton Castle, Blyth
Alternative NamesLow Horton; Horton next the Sea; Horton juxta mare
Historic CountryNorthumberland
Modern AuthorityNorthumberland
1974 AuthorityNorthumberland
Civil ParishBlyth Valley

The licence for the fortification of his manor house was granted to Sir Guischard de Charron on Dec. 28th.1292.

The moat, which still exists, was possibly the innermost of 2 ditches; there is now no trace of either the outer ditch or the fortress, the building being dismantled in 1809.

Although some portion of it remained 20 years later {1829} that too had vanished by 1909. It was known as Horton Castle (Craster 1909).

No trace of the old Manor House remains.

The moat on the south side is now completely filled in, and on the north and east side is visible in one or two places as a vague depression but slopes are not surveyable. No trace was seen of the outer ditch referred to (F1 EG 08-APR-54). (PastScape)

On Saturday, December 20th, 1292, when returning southward from adjudicating the claims to the Scottish throne, Edward I. arrived at Horton and was there entertained by Charron over the Sunday. The knight turned this visit to advantage by requesting and obtaining permission to fortify his manor-house. A week later, on December 28th, the necessary licence to crenellate was granted to him at Newcastle. The work of fortification seems to have proceeded intermittently for the next six years, for as late as June 5th, 1297, Charron granted to one of his tenants a selion of his demesne in exchange for a selion lying nearer to the moat of the manor-house which, it may be inferred, was then course of construction. This moat, which was possibly the innermost of two ditches and separated from the outer moat by an earthen rampart, still exists and contains an area measuring 190 feet by 203 feet; but no trace remains of the fortress that once stood within it. The old building was finally dismantled in 1809, and, though some portion of it remained twenty years later, that too has vanished, nor can any architectural fragment be discovered except a single arch-stone, which is of fourteenth rather than of thirteenth century date

As an example of the true type of pele or fortified enclosure, its destruction is to be regretted. (Craster 1909)

Gatehouse Comments

Fortified Manor House, licence to crenellate of 1292 granted to Sir Guischard de Charron, latterly a Delaval possesion, dismantled in 1809. The course of a moat can be traced. Called pelum in 1317-18 and fortalicium in 1415 (The licence means this was a stone building, is this an early C14 use of pele to mean a stone building? Most early uses of pele are said to refer to timber palisades and it's use for small tower houses is supposed to be relatively modern, although the term 'pelehouse' for bastles is used C16.)

- Philip Davis

Not scheduled

Not Listed

Historic England (PastScape) Defra or Monument number(s)
County Historic Environment Record
OS Map Grid ReferenceNZ280796
Latitude55.1109313964844
Longitude-1.56190001964569
Eastings428070
Northings579690
HyperLink HyperLink HyperLink

No photos available. If you can provide pictures please contact Castlefacts

Most of the sites or buildings recorded in this web site are NOT open to the public and permission to visit a site must always be sought from the landowner or tenant.

Calculate Print

Books

  • Dodds, John F., 1999, Bastions and Belligerents (Newcastle upon Tyne: Keepdate Publishing) p. 220
  • Salter, Mike, 1997, The Castles and Tower Houses of Northumberland (Malvern: Folly Publications) p. 77
  • Jackson, M.J.,1992, Castles of Northumbria (Carlisle) p. 84-5
  • Rowland, T.H., 1987 (reprint1994), Medieval Castles, Towers, Peles and Bastles of Northumberland (Sandhill Press) p. 10, 72
  • King, D.J.C., 1983, Castellarium Anglicanum (London: Kraus) Vol. 2 p. 350
  • Graham, Frank, 1976, The Castles of Northumberland (Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Frank Graham) p. 214
  • Long, B., 1967, Castles of Northumberland (Newcastle-upon-Tyne) p. 123-4
  • Fraser, C.M. (ed), 1961, Ancient Petitions relating to Northumberland (Surtees Society 176) p. 136, 150
  • Harvey, Alfred, 1911, Castles and Walled Towns of England (London: Methuen and Co)
  • Craster, H.H.E. (ed), 1909, Northumberland County History (Newcastle-upon-Tyne) Vol. 9 p. 257-8 online copy
  • Tomlinson, W.W., 1897, Comprehensive Guide to Northumberland (Newcastle-upon-Tyne) p. 68
  • Mackenzie, J.D., 1896, Castles of England; their story and structure (New York: Macmillan) Vol. 2 p. 396 online copy
  • Bates, C.J., 1891, Border Holds of Northumberland (London and Newcastle: Andrew Reid) p. 8, 14 (Also published as the whole of volume 14 (series 2) of Archaeologia Aeliana view online)
  • Turner, T.H. and Parker, J.H., 1859, Some account of Domestic Architecture in England (Oxford) Vol. 3 Part 2 p. 403 online copy
  • Hodgson, J., 1832, History of Northumberland (Newcastle-upon-Tyne) Part 2 Vol. 2 p. 265 online copy
  • Hodgson, J. and Laird, F., 1813, Beauties of England and Wales; Northumberland Vol. 12 p. 97

Journals

  • King, Andy, 2007, 'Fortress and fashion statements: gentry castles in fourteenth-century Northumberland' Journal of Medieval History Vol. 33 p. 376-7, 379-80
  • Bates, C.J., 1891, 'Border Holds of Northumberland' Archaeologia Aeliana (ser2) Vol. 14 p. 8, 14 online copy

Primary Sources

  • 1415, Nomina Castrorum et Fortaliciorum infra Comitatum Northumbrie online transcription
  • Maxwell Lyte, H.C. (ed), 1895, Calendar of Patent Rolls Edward I (1292-1301) Vol. 3 p. 2 online copy
  • Rickard, John, 2002, The Castle Community. The Personnel of English and Welsh Castles, 1272-1422 (Boydell Press) (lists sources for 1272-1422) p. 361-2